This is a required exam for LPI certification Level 1. It covers basic skills for the Linux Professional that are common to major distributions of Linux..
IMPORTANT INFORMATION:These are the current 102 objectives, which are valideffective2009-04-01.
Each objective is assigned a weighting value. The weights range roughly from 1 to 10 and indicate the relative importance of each objective. Objectives with higher weights will be covered in the exam with more questions.
Objectives: Exam 102
Topic 105: Shells, Scripting and Data Management
105.1 Customize and use the shell environment
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should be able to customize shell environments to meet users' needs. Candidates should be able to modify global and user profiles. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell.
-
Write BASH functions for frequently used sequences of commands.
-
Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts.
-
Set command search path with the proper directory.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/profile
-
env
-
export
-
set
-
unset
-
~/.bash_profile
-
~/.bash_login
-
~/.profile
-
~/.bashrc
-
~/.bash_logout
-
function
-
alias
-
lists
105.2 Customize or write simple scripts
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should be able to customize existing scripts, or write simple new BASH scripts. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests).
-
Use command substitution.
-
Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command.
-
Perform conditional mailing to the superuser.
-
Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line.
-
Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
for
-
while
-
test
-
if
-
read
-
seq
105.3 SQL data management
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able to query databases and manipulate data using basic SQL commands. This objective includes performing queries involving joining of 2 tables and/or subselects. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Use of basic SQL commands.
-
Perform basic data manipulation.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
insert
-
update
-
select
-
delete
-
from
-
where
-
group by
-
order by
-
join
Topic 106: User Interfaces and Desktops
106.1 Install and configure X11
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able to install and configure X11. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server.
-
Awareness of the X font server.
-
Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
-
xhost
-
DISPLAY
-
xwininfo
-
xdpyinfo
-
X
106.2 Setup a display manager
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able setup and customize a display manager. This objective covers the display managers XDM (X Display Manger), GDM (Gnome Display Manager) and KDM (KDE Display Manager). |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Turn the display manager on or off.
-
Change the display manager greeting.
-
Change default color depth for the display manager.
-
Configure display managers for use by X-stations.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/inittab
-
xdm configuration files
-
kdm configuration files
-
gdm configuration files
106.3 Accessibility
Weight
1 |
Description
Demonstrate knowledge and awareness of accessibility technologies. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Keyboard Accessibility Settings (AccessX?)
-
Visual Settings and Themes
-
Assistive Technology (ATs)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
Sticky/Repeat Keys
-
Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys
-
Mouse Keys
-
High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes
-
Screen Reader
-
Braille Display
-
Screen Magnifier
-
On-Screen Keyboard
-
Gestures (used at login, for example gdm)
-
Orca
-
GOK
-
emacspeak
Topic 107: Administrative Tasks
107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files
Weight
5 |
Description
Candidates should be able to add, remove, suspend and change user accounts. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Add, modify and remove users and groups.
-
Manage user/group info in password/group databases.
-
Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/passwd
-
/etc/shadow
-
/etc/group
-
/etc/skel
-
chage
-
groupadd
-
groupdel
-
groupmod
-
passwd
-
useradd
-
userdel
-
usermod
107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should be able to use cron or anacron to run jobs at regular intervals and to use at to run jobs at a specific time. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Manage cron and at jobs.
-
Configure user access to cron and at services.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}
-
/etc/at.deny
-
/etc/at.allow
-
/etc/crontab
-
/etc/cron.allow
-
/etc/cron.deny
-
/var/spool/cron/*
-
crontab
-
at
-
atq
-
atrm
107.3 Localisation and internationalisation
Weight
3 |
Description
Candidates should be able to localize a system in a different language than English. As well, an understanding of why LANG=C is useful when scripting. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Locale settings.
-
Timezone settings.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/timezone
-
/etc/localtime
-
/usr/share/zoneinfo
-
Environment variables:
-
/usr/bin/locale
-
tzselect
-
tzconfig
-
date
-
iconv
-
UTF-8
-
ISO-8859
-
ASCII
-
Unicode
Topic 108: Essential System Services
108.1 Maintain system time
Weight
3 |
Description
Candidates should be able to properly maintain the system time and synchronize the clock via NTP. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Set the system date and time.
-
Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC.
-
Configure the correct timezone.
-
Basic NTP configuration.
-
Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/usr/share/zoneinfo
-
/etc/timezone
-
/etc/localtime
-
/etc/ntp.conf
-
date
-
hwclock
-
ntpd
-
ntpdate
-
pool.ntp.org
108.2 System logging
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able to configure the syslog daemon. This objective also includes configuring the logging daemon to send log output to a central log server or accept log output as a central log server. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
syslog configuration files
-
syslog
-
standard facilities, priorities and actions
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
syslog.conf
-
syslogd
-
klogd
-
logger
108.3 Mail Tranfer Agent (MTA) basics
Weight
3 |
Description
Candidates should be aware of the commonly available MTA programs and be able to perform basic forward and alias configuration on a client host. Other configuration files are not covered. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Create e-mail aliases.
-
Configure e-mail forwarding.
-
Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
~/.forward
-
sendmail emulation layer commands
-
newaliases
-
mail
-
mailq
-
postfix
-
sendmail
-
exim
-
qmail
108.4 Manage printers and printing
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able to manage print queues and user print jobs using CUPS and the LPD compatibility interface. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers).
-
Manage user print queues.
-
Troubleshoot general printing problems.
-
Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
-
/etc/cups
-
lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)
Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals
109.1 Fundamentals of internet protocols
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should demonstrate a proper understanding of TCP/IP network fundamentals. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Demonstrate an understanding network masks.
-
Knowledge of the differences between private and public "dotted quad" IP-Addresses.
-
Setting a default route.
-
Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 119, 139, 143, 161, 443, 465, 993, 995).
-
Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP.
-
Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPV6.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/services
-
ftp
-
telnet
-
host
-
ping
-
dig
-
traceroute
-
tracepath
109.2 Basic network configuration
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should be able to view, change and verify configuration settings on client hosts. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Manually and automatically configure network interfaces
-
Basic TCP/IP host configuration.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/hostname
-
/etc/hosts
-
/etc/resolv.conf
-
/etc/nsswitch.conf
-
ifconfig
-
ifup
-
ifdown
-
route
-
ping
109.3 Basic network troubleshooting
Weight
4 |
Description
Candidates should be able to troubleshoot networking issues on client hosts. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces.
-
Change, view, or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually.
-
Debug problems associated with the network configuration.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
ifconfig
-
ifup
-
ifdown
-
route
-
host
-
hostname
-
dig
-
netstat
-
ping
-
traceroute
109.4 Configure client side DNS
Weight
2 |
Description
Candidates should be able to configure DNS on a client host. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Demonstrate the use of DNS on the local system.
-
Modify the order in which name resolution is done.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/hosts
-
/etc/resolv.conf
-
/etc/nsswitch.conf
Topic 110: Security
110.1 Perform security administration tasks
Weight
3 |
Description
Candidates should know how to review system configuration to ensure host security in accordance with local security policies. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set.
-
Set or change user passwords and password aging information.
-
Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system.
-
Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage.
-
Basic sudo configuration and usage.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
find
-
passwd
-
lsof
-
nmap
-
chage
-
netstat
-
sudo
-
/etc/sudoers
-
su
-
usermod
-
ulimit
110.2 Setup host security
Weight
3 |
Description
Candidates should know how to set up a basic level of host security. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work.
-
Turn off network services not in use.
-
Understand the role of TCP wrappers.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
/etc/nologin
-
/etc/passwd
-
/etc/shadow
-
/etc/xinetd.d/*
-
/etc/xinetd.conf
-
/etc/inetd.d/*
-
/etc/inetd.conf
-
/etc/inittab
-
/etc/init.d/*
-
/etc/hosts.allow
-
/etc/hosts.deny
110.3 Securing data with encryption
Weight
3 |
Description
The candidate should be able to use puplic key techniques to secure data and communication. |
Key Knowledge Areas
-
Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage.
-
Understand the role of OpenSSH?2 server host keys
-
Perform basic GnuPG configuration and usage.
-
Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels).
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
-
ssh
-
ssh-keygen
-
ssh-agent
-
ssh-add
-
~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
-
~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
-
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
-
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
-
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
-
/etc/ssh_known_hosts
-
gpg
-
~/.gnupg/*
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